MP Ranjan's Final Design Manifesto -  A Call to Rethink Our Future

 In 2015, during what would be his final public address at the Pune Design Festival (PDF) organised by the Association of Designers of India (ADI), Prof. M.P. Ranjan delivered a deeply provocative and forward-thinking talk that continues to resonate through the design community. A designer, educator, and provocateur of ideas, Ranjan used this platform to question the future of industry, challenge traditional structures and define what design must strive to be in a rapidly transforming world.

From Industry to Enterprise - A Shift in Values

"If you are in industry,  be watchful. The future is not industry. It's enterprise, it's makers, it's social design"

Ranjan opened by reflecting on his early projects from the 1970s, including the Nehru Pavilion and his global design diplomacy journeys, as a way to contextualise how much design and the world around it had evolved. His message at PDF was directthe industrial era has passed. "Industry is dead. What we will have is enterprise, business, and makers. That’s the future I see." He urged designers to align with sustainability, self-sufficiency and social impact.

Design as a Human Act

Design, he said, is embedded in everyday actions. Moving a chair, cooking a meal, rethinking a social processeach of these reflects design instincts. He emphasised that the act of design is universal and inherent in all forms of adaptation and improvement.

"“Design is a human act. When you move a chair, mix a curry, or build a better world — you are designing.”

The Three Orders of Design

Drawing from decades of teaching and research, Ranjan introduced his framework of the "three orders of design":

  1. Material and Functional Values rooted in craftsmanship, aesthetics, and usability.

  2. Communication and Economic Values  where design shapes behaviour, meaning, and value.

  3. Ecological, Political, Ethical, and Spiritual Values  where design addresses responsibility, impact, and stewardship.

He observed that higher-order values are essential for meaningful outcomes and long-term change.

Design as Politics

"Design is politics,"

"Design is politics," he stated. Every design decision has weight and consequence. Ranjan pointed to examples of young Indian designers addressing public health, urban farming, and sustainability through active, grounded design practice. These cases reflect a strong ethic and long-term vision that influences culture and wellbeing.

A Call to Action for ADI and the Nation

Ranjan closed by calling on ADI and the wider community to position design as a recognised national field worthy of institutional recognition. He encouraged the creation of new schools and pathways with visionary approaches rooted in India’s social and ecological fabric.

His contributions are celebrated as an Honorary Fellow of ADI, and he has guided the organisation from its inception. His influence continues to shape the values and direction of design in India.

Prof. M.P. Ranjan built a body of work through his blog, classroom, fieldwork, and advocacy that continues to shape ethical, purpose-driven design. His final keynote was a call to rethink the foundations of design and engage deeply with the futures we aim to create.

Watch his final keynote at PDF 2015: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6NhMl8kzh2Q

Explore Ranjan’s writings: http://design-for-india.blogspot.com

- Bala Mahajan

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Don's book "The Design of Everyday Things" has been an important work for many designers, including myself. As a student in the library, I came across this book and felt a strong connection. Don discussed everyday products in a way that anyone could understand in a simple manner. His approach helped reassure me that shifting from architecture to product design was a good choice. Don has broadened the concept of user centered design over time to include human-centered design and eventually humanity centered design which now considers all living things as well as their surroundings.

Fast forward to present I found myself introducing Don Norman to a packed auditorium. It felt like a full circle moment, from learning about his work as a student and now interacting with him at the ADI event. When we opened registrations, the response was overwhelming, crashing our website—a sign of the interest within the community.

Speaking with him, I realised that his advice extends beyond design. He was pushing us to leave our comfort zones. "You want to be more powerful as designers? Learn the language of business. Discuss margins, profits, and losses. If you want to have a significant impact, you must first understand these concepts. He wasn't just encouraging us to make things look nice; he was urging us to influence how they are designed, used, marketed and sold.

Particularly interesting was his "dandelion model." He compared scaling ideas to blowing dandelions. Although not all seeds germinate, those that do have the potential to disperse widely. That is important to have a multiplier effect for an idea to spread and seed. The metaphor seemed to have resonated with a lot of people in the room.

Don was candid about artificial intelligence. He warned us not to be worried, but to confront it. "If you ignore AI, it will be your loss," he warned. He wasn't referring to the distant future; he meant right now. Designers must experiment with AI, learn about it, and determine how to use it effectively.What also struck home was the thoughts around policy design. "A design or a policy is worthless until it's executed," That is an ongoing battle here: getting brilliant ideas out of our heads and into the real world, where they can make a difference.

The discussions also touched upon his time at Apple. Don talked about his experience designing the Newton PDA, which did not take off. However, there was a good lesson there, if you don't understand what users want, even the best technology will fail, so true.

It was interesting when Don mentioned that he enjoys being challenged by students. "If I am wrong, I want to know so I can change," he told us. Even at the age of 88, Don remains open, humble, and eager to learn. His energy throughout the event, even taking time to sign  books was kind of a reminder that, no matter how far we have come, we must continue to learn and grow. Thank you Don.

This event was possible by the leadership of ADI Pune, particularly Nishma Pandit Yogesh Dandekar and support of Nandita Abraham with able support from our community manager Anshu Ajmani and Team ADI Pune & Team BITS Design School Mumbai .

Thank you Rugwed Deshpande, Yogesh Dandekar, Nishma Pandit, Anshu Ajmani, Wasim Khan and team, Ashwini Deshpande and team, Sarvottam Kulkarni, Geetesh Nandanwar, Riya Gondkar, Susmit Nimbhorkar, Mukesh Samleti, Siddharth Kawthekar and all who helped make this a memorable event. A lot goes on behind the making and preparation of an event like this.  Thank you 🙏🙏

ADI aims to build a strong community that nurtures professional talent, advocates for design and create a platform for exchanges like like these. Connect with us and join the movement.

By Balkrishna Mahajan

President, NEC- ADI 2024-26 | Designer, Director, Ticket Design

 

 
 

 

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